Understanding Ultrasonic Testing

Snell’s Law – From Different Angles

Snell’s Law describes the relationship between angles of incidence and refraction for waves, including light and sound. Refraction is the bending of waves as they pass from one material to another due to the change in velocity through the materials.

Learning Outcomes:

After completing this course, you will be able to:

  1. Knowing the incident angle, you will be able to find the refracted shear wave angle

  2. How to use Snell’s Law with Angle Beam Wedges

  3. The Single Step Solution of Snell’s Law for calculating the Incident Angle

  4. The Single Step Solution of Snell’s Law for calculating the Refracted Angle

Specular and Non-Specular Reflections

Screen interpretation is key to being a skilled operator. Typical UT operators may be familiar with the beam divergence formula, which describes the beam divergence angle. This course will provide UT Level II and Level III personnel with a deeper understanding of the effects of beam divergence during ultrasonic inspections.

Learning Outcomes:

After completing this course, you will be able to:

  1. Understand echo signal characteristics

  2. Make more accurate detection calls